1. Which is the sanitary feature that involves the design of equipment for proper inspection
Easily dismantled and reassembled
Gaskets eliminated wherever possible
All permanent joint to be welded and grounded
All contact surfaces self draining

2. The AISI 304 stainless steel is NOT a
nonquenchable
ferritic
nonmagnetic
austenitic

3. Mild steel has carbon% in the range
1.5 to 2.0
0.06 to 0.08
2 to 4.5
0.1 to 0.25

4. Material amongst the following that is used for Milk pump shaft seal is
PTFE
ABS
LDPE
PVC

5. Element that is not present in AISI 304 but present in AISI 316 Stainless steel is
Carbon
Nickel
Molybdenum
Chromium

6. Mirror polish of the surface of pipeline is usually done at
As a maintenance procedure after installation
edge where fitting is made
Outside of the pipe line
Inside of pipe line

7. The milk carrying capacity of pipe line of 25mm O.D. is (in Kg/h)
2000-3000
<2000
7200 - 15000
15000- 22700

8. To keep the gaskets in place on a PHE plate, the method used can be
Glues
Gasket cement
Mechanical methods
any of the above

9. Gaskets should not be exposed to
Cleaning solutions
water
electric arc welding
products

10. In HTST pasteurizer ,the type of hot water temperature control
Proportional control
Proportional and Integral
Proportional and Derivative
PID control

11. The first step for installation of pipe lines in a dairy plant is
Purchase all the pipeline fittings first
Dig holes in the floor
Erect the support structures
Draw a layout diagram with location of equipment

12. The disadvantage of under sizing of pipe lines is
They will easily get damaged
decrease in installation costs
Increase in pressure drop during fluid flow
They will not be easy to handle

13. The pipe connections that are free of gaskets are
clip on joints
threaded couplings
flanged joints
welded joints

14. Vibrations in supports are avoided by
rubber insert pads to the support structures
rigid supports of metal pipe
plastic pipe supports
floating supports

15. Stainless steel pipe is designated by
Average of Inside and outside diameter
outside diameter
Inside diameter
Nominal Bore

16. The tanks that do not need insulation are
CIP tanks
Railway tankers
Silos
Milk storage tanks

17. The inner edges of milk storage tanks should have knuckle radius at least
25mm
15cm
15mm
25 cm

18. The storage tanks are usually over capacity than the nominal capacity of the tank by
1%
5%
15%
10%

19. Thickness of insulation of milk storage tank should be such that the gain in temperature. Under standard conditions should be less than<
4 °C in 1 hrs
4 °C in 24 hrs
2 °C in 18 hrs
2 °C in 24 hrs

20. The slope towards outlet of a milk storage tank should be atleast
1: 125
1:25
1:12.5
1:1.25

21. For a very small chilling centers, the cleaning and sterilization of cans can be economically done by
Straight through can washer
Rotary can washer
Applying Idophore
Can steaming block

22. In a straight through can washer, the fresh water can be preheated in
heat exchange through hot water overflow
coil in path of exhaust hot air
shell and tube heat exchanger using steam
coil in path of caustic solution overflow

23. The cleaning fluid that is not used in can washing operation is
Steam
Alkali solution
Acid solution
hot water

24. The can movement in the straight through can washer is
intermittent but very fast
continuous and fast
intermittent stop and move
continuous and slow

25. Water jet pressure is in the range of
11-13 kg/cm2
6-9 kg/cm2
4-6 kg/cm2
2-4 kg/cm2

26. The last stage in Soaker type bottle washer is
cold water soaking
warm water soaking
Cold water jetting
Warm water soaking

27. Hot detergent solution will be at a temperature of (in °C)
75
55
35
45

28. The total washing time in Soaker type bottle washer is about (in min)
15-20
5-10
1-2
25-30

29. Jetting action in Soaker type bottle washer causes
loosens any leftovers sticking
Causes fat to dissolve
inspection through leak proof doors
by passing jet cleaning solutions

30. The condition of jets can be inspected by
by passing jet cleaning solutions
inspection through leak proof doors
by increasing the pressure of jets
stopping the washer and dismantling

31. Cleaning In Place will be difficult if the water used has hardness more than
500ppm
50ppm
200ppm
20 ppm

32. For cold milk holding equipment, the solution that is not used is
Hot water
Surface active and anti foaming agents
Acid solution
Alkali solution

33. When using nitric acid , to protect gaskets the temperature should not exceed (in ?C)
90
80
70
60

34. In modern automatic CIP systems, the temperatures of cleaning solutions is maintained
by use of hot water and PHE
by regeneration system
by using steam in the tanks jacket
by using hot water in tanks jacket

35. To avoid human intervention in automatic CIP systems, the valves used are of
butterfly valves
pneumatic valves
glove valves
plug valves

36. Example of Gas-Solids separation operation is
dust from liquid
powder from air
extraneous matter from milk
Fat from milk

37. Example of Liquid-solid separations are
All of the above
Extraneous matter from milk
Fat from milk
Crystallization

38. Municipal water and waste treatment plans employ mostly
None of these
Tilted-Plate clarifiers
Circular clarifiers
Rectangular clarifiers

39. The Tilted-Plate clarifiers have the plates inclined at
45 to 60°
30 to 45°
25 to 30°
15 to 20°

40. The process of passing a fluid containing suspended particles through a porous medium is called
Leaching
Crystallization
Filtration
Clarification

41. Microfiltration is the process of filtration that involves filtering very fine particles less than
0.1 μm
1 μm
10 μm
100 μm

42. Which is the type of filtration most common in dairy industry
pressure greater than atmospheric pressure
very high pressure
gravity alone
Vacuum

43. The common design of plate-and frame press has the filter plates arranged
all of the above
inefficient washing of cake
high filter cloth consumption
high labour costs

44. The vertical plate filter though simple in construction has the disadvantage of
all of the above
inefficient washing of cake
high filter cloth consumption
high labour costs

45. Constant pressure process of filtration is valid for only
only solids
only liquids
incompressible cakes
compressible cakes

46. When the gravity settling of particle in a fluid, the forces acting on it are
Gravitational pull upwards and viscous forces resisting it
Gravitational pull down wards and viscous forces assisting it
Gravitational pull upwards and viscous forces assisting it
Gravitational pull downwards and viscous force resisting it

47. The path most likely to be taken up by the heavier liquid between two plates is
upper side of upper plate
upper side of lower plate
Lower side of upper plate
Lower side of lower plate

48. The value of constant °C included in the equation of capacity of cream separator is in the range
0.5 to 0.7
1.04 to 2.12
1 to 2
45 to 60

49. The position of neutral zone for clarification is towards
towards top of the axis of rotation
towards periphery of the discs that are rotating
towards centre of the discs that are rotating
Towards centre of axis of rotation

50. Example of separation of Gas from liquid is
Vapours from Concentrated milk
Milk Powder from air
Ghee residue from ghee
Cream from milk

51. Entry of air into the milk is restricted in Open type cream separator by
Feeding spout always with milk
Discharged not open to atmosphere
Float sitting on inlet
Tight fitting of discs

52. Hermetic cream separators the part that has Left hand screw thread
All of the above
Cap nut
Impeller
Lock ring

53. For standardization by Tri-process machine
Skim milk out let pressure more than that of cream outlet
The milk should enter from bottom
Feed pump must be there
Cream outlet pressure more than that of skim milk outlet

54. Type of gear mechanism in drive for Hermetic cream separator is
Helical gear
Worm & worm wheel
Spur gear
Bevel gear

55. Shape of bowl for a self desludging cream separator is
Top and Bottom both cylindrical
Bottom conical and top cylindrical
Top and bottom both conical
Top conical and bottom cylindrical

56. The movement of the bottom bowl is achieved due to
Electric motor
Pressure of oil
Lever mechanism
Pressure of water

57. The ejection of sludge by cream separators is controlled for frequency as well as
Duration of ejection of sludge
Volume of sludge
Density of sludge
Weight of sludge

58. Most common reason for Lubrication oil in the cream separator to show white color is
Get mixed with cream
Get mixed with moisture
Get mixed with skim milk
Get mixed with milk only

59. Cream separator should not be run
With whole milk
Without any liquid
With skim milk
With low throughput

60. Homogenization of milk is done to reduce fat globules to size below (in ?m)
15
10
5
1

61. By having 3 piston pumps, the advantage is
More pulsations in discharge
Less power consumption
Less pulsations in discharge
High pressure developed

62. In modern homogenizer, the adjustment of pressure is done
Water pressure operated valve
Pneumatically operated valve
Pedestal operated valve
Hand operated valve

63. The operative pressures in I st stage of homogenization is
150 bar
150 psi
2500 kg/sq. cm
2500 bar

64. Water is required in medium sized homogenizer for
Cooling of pistons
Cooling of shaft seal
Cooling of bearings
Cooling of piston rods

65. Homogenization of milk is done to reduce fat globules to size below (in ?m)
15
10
5
1

66. Regrinding of homogenizer valves when worn out is done by
Lapping with carborundum paste
Ordinary workshop grinder
Filing of the parts
Use of sand paper

67. Safety valve s must be tested with
Inform the Boiler Inspector
Hydraulic test pump after dismantling
Run the homogenizer closing discharge valve
By giving tap in the side when installed

68. In a homogenizer Condensate is drain off time to time from
Crank case
Oil sump
Cooling Water pipe line
Cylinder in which milk is pressurized

69. If the vibrations in the pressure homogenizer gauge is excessive
Air has entered into milk pipe line
Cooling water flow rate is less
Pressure developed is too low
The homogenizer is not levelled properly

70. If one single belt is completely worn out in a set of belt
Stretch the entire set of belts
Replace a pair of belts to balance
Replace entire set of belts
Replace only that belt

71. Turbulance in the flow of milk in between plates is mainly achieved by
Increase in milk density
Corrugations in plate
Too narrow gap between plates
Excessive flow rate

72. Leakage of one fluid into the other due to failure of gasket is prevented by presence of
More the glue to gaskets
Vents in gaskets
Double the gasket thickness
Pressure safety valves

73. The flow rate of milk to hot water ratio is usually
3:1
1:5
1:3
1:1

74. Component that limits the temperature of application in a HTST pasteurizer is
glue to the gaskets
Plate frames
Pumps
Plates

75. Flow Diversion Valve is position in HTST pasteurizer after
Cooling section
Heating section
Regeneration section
Holding section

76.
More the glue to gaskets
Vents in gaskets
Double the gasket thickness
Pressure safety valves

77. Flow diversion valve is powered by
Flow of milk
Pneumatic pressure
Hydraulic pressure
Electricity

78. The most common temperature sensor of hot milk in HTST pasteurizer is<
Thermocouple
Bourdon spring
Mercury in glass bulb
RTD of Pt-100

79. Temperature controller output is value
3 - 5 kg/sq. cm of air pressure
4 - 20 mA electric signal
3 - 15 kg/sq. cm of air pressure
4 - 20 mV electric signal

80. Value of Temperature controller output is
4 - 20 mV electric signal
3 - 5 kg/sq. cm of air pressure
4 - 20 mA electric signal
3 - 15 kg/sq. cm of air

81. In HTST pasteurizer, milk after FCBT and pump, passes through
Temperature sensor
Flow control valve
Filters
Regneration section

82. While heat transfer plates are being tightened after maintenance work, they should
All the above
Should be tightened with plates moving in parallel to each other
Should be tightened with nuts alternatively on opposite sides
Not be tightened to less than the minimum length indicated

83. Before new gaskets are fixed, first thing you should do is
Roughen the surface of new gasket
Apply glue to the new gasket
Remove the remnants with solvent
Measure the length of gasket required

84. The temperature difference between hot water and milk should not exceed (in °C)
2
5
10
20

85. The best parameter to judge the performance of HTST pasteurizer is
Regeneration efficiency
Steam consumption
Through put
Chilled water consumption

86. The component that gets damaged due to higher operating temperature than required is
Sensors
Gaskets
Plates
Plate frames

87. Typical time-temperature combinations for in-container sterilization process are
75 -80 C / 15 sec
80 - 90 C/10 - 30 min
105 - 120 C / 10 - 30 sec
105 - 120 C / 10 -30 min

88. Time temperature combination of for UHT processing is
80 -90 C / for few sec
80 - 90 C / few min
135 - 150 C / for few sec
135 - 150 C / few min

89. Role of Air supply in Batch Sterilization equipment is
To evacuate the steam present
To maintain pressure outside the cans during cooling
To heat the cans before sterilization
To cool the cans after sterilization

90. Cans are rotated during sterilization so that
For continuous operation
For uniform pressure inside
To prevent breakage of cans
Heat transfer to be enhanced

91. For a Hydrostatic sterilizer, the height of water column needed for a 121 C sterilization temperature is
13.7 ft
10.7 m
13.7 m
10.7 ft

92. The highest internal pressure for heat exchanger for UHT processing will be
2 - 4 psi
6 - 8 bar
2- 4 bar
6 - 8 psi

93. In indirect UHT plant, the cold water cooling circuit in cleaning return line is required for
To prevent evaporation in balance tank
To save hot water
For setter regeneration efficiency
To maintain pressure in the circuit

94. The fouling of heat exchange surface is reduced in the Indirect UHT plant because of
Water is soft
Low operative pressures
Low pressure of steam
Water is used for heating and cooling

95. Tubular heat exchanger ability to withstand high pressure facilitates
It must have Aseptic homogenizer only
It must not have Aseptic homogenizer
The homogenizer pump after sterilization section and valve before this
The homogenizer pump before sterilization section and valve after this

96. The outer cylindrical housing for the multi tube assembly in tubular heat exchanger is
For safety of operators
For circulation of hot water
For hygienic and mechanical protection
For conserving heat

97. Correct sequence of operation in Indirect heating system for UHT processing is
Product heated to 80 C by indirect and then to 140 C by direct system
Product heated to 80 C by direct and then heated to 140 by indirect system
Product raised to 80 C by direct and then to 140 C by direct
Product raised to 140 C by direct heating and then cooled

98. Radial drills in the steam injectors is to encourage
Slow injection of steam
Increase steam velocity
Swirl and pressure increase
Swirl and turbulence

99. Homogenization after sterilization stage causes
Ease in control
Prevents formation of casein aggregates
Increase in homogenization efficiency
Energy saving

100. During sterilization and cleaning in injection system
Water cooling is not required for milk after expansion vessel
Cleaning solution will flow in forward flow
Vacuum is not applied to expansion vessel
Vacuum is applied to expansion vessel

101. The component that is different in Infusion system, as compared to Injection system is
Hemispherical bowl
High pressure pump
Steam controller
Cooling water spray

102. The overall spoilage level acceptable after incubation of filled containers attainable in commercial practice is
1 in 100000
1 in 50000
1 in 10000
1 in 5000

103. Temperature needed for dry heat as sterilization medium , time is not to be very long is
200 °C
2000 °F
2000 °C
200 °F

104. Hydrogen Peroxide is used as a sterilization medium for the cartons at a concentration of
35-50 %
30-35 %
20-30 %
15-20 %

105. The role of Aluminum foil in the carton is
To act as sealing material
To act as moisture barrier
To give attractive appeal
To give rigidity to the carbon

106. The high temperature of heat sealing of carton in addition to sealing, also generates
Makes carton sterile
Air to be evacuated
Hydrogen peroxide vapours
Internal pressure for carbon

107. The role of Aluminum foil in the carton is
To act as sealing material
To act as moisture barrier
To give attractive appeal
To give rigidity to the carbon

108. Recent advances in packaging materials is
PVC
Blow molded plastic
polyethylene
bottles

109. Role of star wheel in packing machine is
To adjust the height of the container
To expose the container for inspection
To rotate the container to bring to exact position
To feed one container at a timed rate

110. Latest in the control system for packaging machines is
Safety devices for the operator
Automatic safety devices for containers
Touch screen operator interface
PID controls

111. In the centre of the feed nipple for bottle filling will be
Vacuum line to suck air
Level control valve
Spring to cause cushion effect
Rubber gasket for effective sealing

112. Vacuum line ensures
Low power consumption
Foam free filling
Prevents outside air contamination
Sterile condition during filling

113. In the Pouch filling machine of FFS type, the cyclic operation correct sequence is
Forming tube, filling & sealing, move film
Forming tube, filling, move film , sealing
Forming tube, sealing, filling, move film
Filling , sealing, forming tube ,move film

114. Role of forming plates is to
Pull the film to definite length
Roll the flat film into a tube with a certain overlap
Stretch the film tightly around the jaws
Straighten the film so that wrinkles are avoided

115. The difference in manual and automatic operation in FFS is
A single simultaneous operation takes place of sealing, filling & film movement for one packet
The pulling of the film in each packet is to be done manually
All the buttons of heating, film movement etc are to be individually operated
There is no difference at all except for the speed of operation

116. Cooling cycle in the automatic operation of FFS is the period when
Period when the cooling water stops
Period when jaws are not energized
Entire period when jaws are engaged
Entire period during cooling water flows

117. Sterilization of the film is done by
Heating coil
Chlorine
Hydrogen Peroxide
UV light

118. The crucial requirement in the bulk filling and packing of food products is
Easier to store in bulk
Safer to consume in bulk
Suitably strong packing material
Consumer demand

119. Bulk filling equipment is located
It does not matter
Away from the UHT plant in sterile condition
Near to UHT plant with storage tank in between
Very near to UHT plant

120. The correct sequence of operation of bulk filing is
Hold, vacuum, seal, fill
Hold, vacuum, fill, seal
Hold, seal, fill, vacuum
Vacuum, seal, fill, hold

121. The packaging container has to be
Flexible material with opening nozzle
Flexibe material with opening
Flexible material without opening
Rigid material and fixed shape

122. All product contact surfaces in the filling equipment should be of
Glass
AISI 304
AISI 316
Polyethylene

123. Random distribution, into and through one another or two or more initially separate phases is called
Bubbling
Stirring
Mixing
Agitation

124. Baffles are provided mainly to
Avoid floating of light particles
Aid mixing
Avoid vortex formation
Avoid settling of aggregates

125. When direction and velocity of flow to the suction of impeller is to be controlled
Use Baffle
Use Draft tube
Use propeller type impeller
Use turbine type impeller

126. Bottom impeller, either of Turbine or Propeller type is mounted above the bottom of tank by about
One sixth the impeller diameter
One fourth the impeller diameter
One third the impeller diameter
One impeller diameter

127. Example of dispersing gas through the liquid is
Agitation in silos by air
Mixing of liquids in Gerber test
Ingredients in Ice cream mix
Butter oil in Recombined Milk

128. Volume circulated by impeller must be sufficient to<
Carry currents to the centre of vessel
Sweep out the volume vessel in reasonable time
Sweep out the volume of vessel slowly
Carry currents to the remote points

129. Dimensionless number that is important parameter for Volumetric flow rate is
Biot number
Reynolds number
Mach number
Flow number

130. Volumetric flow rate is proportional to
Cube of speed of impeller
Cube of diameter of impeller
Square of speed of impeller
Square of diameter of impeller

131. For a standard flat blade turbine, the Flow number is approximately
1.2
2.1
1.3
3.1

132. Power requirement per unit volume of fluid can be estimated by product of flow and kinetic energy when the flow is
Turbulent
Steady State
Laminar
Unsteady state

133. The Power number N_P is analogous to
Grashoff number
Drag Coefficient
Mach number
Nusselt number

134. Why a tank should be baffled , even though power requirement is more for agitation
Give strength to the tank
For hygienic design
To prevent vortex formation
Give strength to the bridge for agitator

135. When will the baffles not useful for agitation of liquid in a tank
If the viscosity is high
Viscosity is low
Reynolds number is high
Reynolds number is low

136. How are the Plots of N_P Versus N_Re useful for the design of agitators?
For ease in extrapolating
For accurate prediction of values
For quick predication of power requirement
For quick calculation of Reynolds number

137. Shape factors are
Dimensionless ratios
Linear measurements multiplied by a number
Linear measurements divided by unity
Multiples of Reynolds number

138. The part of the sterilizer that needs lubrication
Gaskets
Door hinges
Gauges
Steam trap

139. Gasket for the Batch sterilizer is made of
Rubber
Plastic
Asbestos
Metal

140. Standby Generator is essential for
Batch sterilizer
Batch pasteurizer
Bottle fillers
UHT plant

141.Gaskets for the UHT plant are mostly of
Nitrile rubber
EPDM
Asbestos
Plastic

142. UHT plant operation has to be stopped if the internal pressure exceeds
2 bar
3 bar
5 bar
6 bar